【视频】——以中国农业大学生态校园景观设计为例 【设计·项目·人物】生态校园设计的理念与实践-美院环艺系
【清华美院环境艺术设计 ? 第 218 期】
清华大学美术学院环艺系 郑文霞
清华大学美术学院环艺系师生积极参与国内外学术活动，2017年12月17-18日在清华大学召开的2017年生态文明国际学术论坛中，环艺系郑文霞老师的《生态校园设计的理念与实践——以中国农业大学生态校园景观设计为例》论文被收录并受邀作大会公开演讲，以下为具体介绍。
2017年12月17-18日，由清华大学生态文明研究中心主办的生态文明国际学术论坛于清华大学召开。来自海内外数十所知名高校、科研机构与社会组织的400多位专家学者以“新世纪下的可持续发展方案”为主题展开了热烈讨论。18日上午，作为本次国际学术论坛的分论坛之一，生态文明国际学术论坛“绿色大学”分论坛于清华大学公共管理学院召开，十几位专家学者就生态文明新时代下的大学建设问题分享了自己的经验与心得。
来自清华大学美术学院环艺系的郑文霞老师以中国农业大学生态校园的景观设计为例，探讨了生态校园设计的理念与实践微笑的起点 。主要介绍了以“生命链”为主题进行中国农业大学景观设计，借助农业景观形式来阐述生态校园环境设计的运行机制。最终，让环境具有自我修复、自我调节、自我更新的功能。如此设计的校园景观可以从视觉感染、开放式课堂和沉浸式参与等方面来帮助生态教育的开展。
项目介绍
The Concept and Practice of Ecological Campus Design——A Case Study of Campus Landscape Design of China Agricultural University
生态校园设计的理念与实践——以中国农业大学生态校园景观设计为例
Ecological civilization is a new stage in the development of human civilization. It is the material and spiritual results achieved by human following the objective law that human, nature and society should develop harmoniously. Faced with tightening resource constraint, serious environmental pollution and ecosystem degradation, we must establish the ecological civilization concept of respecting nature, conforming to nature and protecting nature, and taking the sustainable development path. With the rapid development of university campus construction in our country, the research on ecological campus design has become a hot spot. Under the guidance of ecological civilization concept, the university campus has become a platform of ecological civilization. "Sustainable development" is the theme of environmental education in colleges and universities and the backbone of campus construction in the 21st century. Harmonious ecological environment is the hometown of human mind. Lacking a sustainable ecological campus, education is a skeleton without soul. Therefore周晓涵老公 , ecology has multiple meanings in campus construction.
生态文明是人类文明发展的一个新的阶段，是人类遵循人、自然、社会和谐发展这一客观规律而取得的物质与精神成果的总和。面对资源约束趋紧、环境污染严重、生态系统退化的严峻形势，必须树立尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然的生态文明理念，走可持续发展道路。随着我国高校校园建设的快速发展，对生态校园设计的研究已成为热点，在生态文明大理念的指导下马加爵遗书 ，使高校校园日渐成为生态文明理念的一种展现平台。黄艺明“可持续发展”是高校环境教育的主题高丽丽，是21世纪校园建构的主轴。和谐的生态环境是人类心灵的故乡，如果缺乏一个可持续性的生态校园，教育只是一个缺乏灵魂的躯壳。因此，生态在校园建设当中具有多重意义。
Utilizing the basic principle and method of Ecology to plan, design, construct, manage and operate, the ecological campus is an environmentally friendly artificial ecosystem integrating learning湖南经视新闻 , work, activities and leisure functions, in which the relationship between man and nature is harmonious, the layout and structure of each species is reasonable, the natural environment is good, material, ability and information is efficiently used. It’s the embodiment and practical exploration of ecological design concept. The concept of ecological campus is not only reflected in the form, but also embodied in the relationship between people and things, people and the campus community. It is a mechanism of internal ecological operation. Beijing is the political, economic and cultural center in China. China Agricultural University is the bellwether of agricultural higher education in our country. It has been exploring the ecological campus design under the guidance of ecological civilization for many years. The case studied in this paper is the ecological campus landscape design of China Agricultural University，hope to use this as an attempt and exploration to support sustainable development.
生态校园是运用生态学的基本原理与方法规划、设计、建设、管理及运行的人与自然关系和谐，各物种布局、结构合理且自然环境优良，物质、能力、信息高效利用且对环境友好的集学习、工作、活动、休闲功能与一体的人工生态系统。是生态设计理念的一种具体体现与实践的一个探索。生态校园的概念不仅体现在形式上面公路列车 ，更体现在人与物、人与人的校园社区关系中，是一种内在生态运行的机制。北京是中国的政治经济文化中心，中国农业大学是我国农业高等教育的领头军，多年来一直在探索生态文明引导下的生态校园设计，本文研究案例为中国农业大学生态校园景观设计，希望以此作为支持可持续发展的尝试和探索。
This project elaborates from three aspects:
本项目从三个方面来进行阐述：
01 Form of agricultural landscape design农业景观设计形式
The Project is to plant crops and trees adaptable to the climate in the northern regions, and the teachers and students join in the activities from spring sowing, summer management, autumn harvest through winter storage to experience the whole process where the grain harvest is delivered into the campus canteen and there processed into food奈碧 , actively and effectively involving teachers and students into the agricultural teaching activities.
项目是适合北方地域和气候种植的农作物与树种，师生共同参与春天播种，夏天管理雯雅婷6视频 ，秋天丰收，冬天储藏活动，一起体验丰收的粮食送进校园餐厅加工成食品的整个环节，积极有效地将农业教学和师生校园生活结合起来。
02 Operation mechanism of Ecological Campus 生态校园运行机制
The low-cost and low-tech approach allows the landscape to form a natural ecological cycle and combines a series of plant repair techniques with space design to treat the sewage, soil and groundwater pollution and manage the rain-flood within the campus . The design makes full use of the agricultural landscape to build green infrastructure and practice the concept of ecological campus.
低成本低技术的方针，让景观形成一个自然生态循环系统，将一系列植物修复技术与空间设计相结合，在校园内治理土壤、地下水污染、管理雨洪、处理污水无敌当家 。设计充分运用农业景观的功能性建设绿色基础设施，实践生态校园理念戈黛娃夫人 。
03 Ecological education 生态教育
Through domestic and foreign research, case analysis and field investigation and research, it is known that education must take advantage of the environment. Without good campus environment we will not be able to effectively convey the concept of education. We promote ecological education in the campus, because the campus is a carrier of ecological education. Ecological education is not in classroom or just some slogans鱼玄机的故事 , it is integrated into the daily life of teachers and students. In this paper we transmit ecological concept to teachers and students through"life chain" agricultural campus landscape. The method of education is visual infection. Related agricultural culture form is used to show agricultural theme. Excavate the connotation of agricultural culture deeply, show that agricultural culture is an important “chain” concept in human life. It is both profound and wonderful. Meanwhile, teachers and students are encouraged to participate. Experimental field is an extension of “life chain” concept凯登克劳斯 , intensifying and reflecting the participation characteristic of agricultural culture. In autumn, teachers and students participate in the harvest and management of wheat冒牌大昏君 , rice and other crops which are sent to the school cafeteria for processing. In this way, they can experience all aspects of the ecological agricultural chain. Crop knowledge is popularized, and social benefit is achieved.
通过对国内外研究及案例分析及实地考察调研，认识到教育必须利用环境的作用，离开良好的校园环境也就无法有效传递教育的理念。在校园里提倡生态教育，是因为校园是一个生态教育的载体，生态教育不只是在课堂里或者喊口号三藏兽，而是融入师生在校园里每一天的生活当中。本文农业大学设计实践方案是通过“生命链”农业校园景观对师生进行生态理念的教育。教育的途径既是视觉上的感染，通过利用农业文化相关形式表现农业主题的方式，深层次挖掘农业文化内涵，表现了农业文化是人类生命发展基础中的重要一个“链节”概念，寓意深刻而美妙。同时提倡师生的参与体验，其中试验田设计是主题“生命链”概念的延展，满足功能以强化和体现农业文化具有参与性的特点邓月薇 。在秋季，师生共同参与校园里小麦、水稻等农作物的收割及管理，并送到校园食堂进行加工，体验生态农业链上的各个环节，又对作物知识得到普及推广等，从而起到社会效益的目标。
It is both urgent and realistic to guide the campus design with the concept of ecological campus. It has tripartite meanings, ecologically, economically and socially .This case hopes to play a certain role in the development of ecological campus design in China's universities.
以生态校园的理念来指导校园景观设计是具有现实性和面临紧迫性的，同时具有生态，经济和社会的三重意义欧美男头吧。本案例希望对我国大学的生态校园设计发展起到一定的借鉴作用和亲罪妃。
（注：真诚感谢清华大学生态文明研究中心，真诚感谢清华美院黄艳教授的支持与指导）
清华美院环境艺术设计系
综合编辑：王琰
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